Mechanism of Qizhu Kang'ai Prescription for Inhibiting Proliferation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Regulating Tumor Metabolic Reprogramming via PCK1/Akt/p21 Signal Axis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the effect of Qizhu Kang'ai prescription （QZAP） on the gluconeogenesis enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 （PCK1） in the liver of mouse model of liver cancer induced by diethylnitrosamine （DEN） combined with carbon tetrachloride （CCl4） and Huh7 cells of human liver cancer， so as to explore the mechanism on regulating metabolic reprogramming and inhibiting cell proliferation of liver cancer cells. MethodDEN combined with CCl4 was used to construct a mouse model of liver cancer via intraperitoneal injection. A normal group， a model group， and a QZAP group were set up， in which QZAP （3.51 g·kg-1） or an equal volume of normal saline was administered daily by gavage， respectively. Serum and liver samples were collected after eight weeks of intervention. Serum alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， γ-glutamyltransferase （γ-GT）， and alpha-fetoprotein （AFP） in mice were detected to evaluate liver function changes of mice in each group. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Sirius red staining were used to observe pathological changes in liver tissue. In the cell experiment， Huh7 cells were divided into blank group， QZAP low， medium， and high dose groups and/or PCK1 inhibitor （SKF-34288 hydrochloride） group， and Sorafenib group. The corresponding drug-containing serum and drug treatment were given， respectively. Cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） method， colony formation experiment， Edu fluorescent labeling detection， intracellular adenosine triphosphate （ATP） content detection， and cell cycle flow cytometry detection were used to evaluate the proliferation ability， energy metabolism changes， and change in the cell cycle of Huh7 cells in each group. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of PCK1， serine/threonine kinase （Akt）， phosphorylated Akt （p-Akt）， and cell cycle-dependent protein kinase inhibitor 1A （p21）. ResultCompared with the model group， the pathological changes such as cell atypia， necrosis， and collagen fiber deposition in liver cancer tissue of mice in the QZAP group were alleviated， and the number of liver tumors was reduced （P<0.01）. The serum ALT， AST， γ-GT， and AFP levels were reduced （P<0.01）. At the cell level， compared with the blank group， low， medium， and high-dose groups of QZAP-containing serum and the Sorafenib group could significantly reduce the survival rate of Huh7 cells （P<0.01） and the number of positive cells with Edu labeling （P<0.01） and inhibit clonal proliferation ability （P<0.01）. The QZAP groups could also reduce the intracellular ATP content （P<0.05） and increase the distribution ratio of the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle （P<0.05） in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the model group and blank group， PCK1 and p21 protein levels of mouse liver cancer tissue and Huh7 cells in the QZAP groups were significantly reduced （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and the p-Akt protein level was significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， the ATP content and cell survival rate of Huh7 cells in the SKF-34288 hydrochloride group were significantly increased （P<0.05）， but there was no statistical difference in the ratio of Edu-positive cells and the proportion of G0/G1 phase distribution. Compared with the SKF-34288 hydrochloride group， the QZAP combined with the SKF-34288 hydrochloride group significantly reduced the ATP content， cell survival rate， and Edu-positive cell ratio of Huh7 cells （P<0.05） and significantly increased the G0/G1 phase distribution proportion （P<0.05）. ConclusionQZAP may induce the metabolic reprogramming of liver cancer cells by activating PCK1 to promote Akt/p21-mediated tumor suppression， thereby exerting an anti-hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation mechanism.

Establishment of PCR assays and genetic polymorphism analysis of genes encoding Clostridium perfringens β2 toxin from different sources / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To establish and optimize PCR methods for the gene encoding of Clostridium perfringens β2 toxin (cpb2) and atypical-cpb2 (aty-cpb2), analyze the epidemiological characteristics and genetic polymorphism of the cpb2 of Clostridium perfringens in 9 Chinese areas from 2016 to 2021. Methods: The cpb2 of 188 Clostridium perfringens strains were examined by PCR; the cpb2 sequences were acquired by whole-genome sequencing to analyze the genetic polymorphism. Using Mega 11 and the Makeblastdb tool, a phylogenetic tree, and cpb2-library based on 110 strains carrying the cpb2 were produced. Using the Blastn technique, a comparison was made to discover sequence similarity between consensus-cpb2 (con-cpb2) and aty-cpb2. Results: The specificity of PCR assay for the cpb2 and aty-cpb2 was verified. The PCR results for cpb2 amplification were highly consistent with the whole-genome sequencing approach (Kappa=0.946, P<0.001). A total of 107 strains from nine regions in China carried cpb2, 94 types A strains carried aty-cpb2, 6 types A strains carried con-cpb2, and 7 types F strains carried aty-cpb2. The nucleotide sequence similarity between the two coding genes was 68.97%-70.97%, and the similarity between the same coding genes was 98.00%-100.00%. Conclusions: In this study, a specific PCR method for cpb2 toxin was developed, and the previous PCR method for detecting aty-cpb2 was improved. aty-cpb2 is the primary gene encoding of β2 toxin. There is a significant nucleotide sequence variance between the various cpb2 genotypes.

Using Next-Generation Sequencing Technology to Confirm the HLA Rare Alleles Detected by PCR-SSOP / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To confirm the HLA genotypes of the samples including 4 cases of magnetic bead probe HLA genotyping result pattern abnormality and 3 cases of ambiguous result detected by PCR sequence-specific oligonudeotide probe (SSOP) method.@*METHODS@#All samples derived from HLA high-resolution typing laboratory were detected by PCR-SSOP. A total of 4 samples of magnetic bead probe HLA genotyping result pattern abnormality and 3 samples of ambiguous result were further confirmed by PCR sequence-based typing (SBT) technology and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology.@*RESULTS@#A total of 4 samples of magnetic bead probe HLA genotyping result pattern abnormality were detected by PCR-SSOP method. The results of SBT and NGS showed that the HLA-A genotype of sample 1 did not match any known genotypes. NGS analysis revealed that the novel allele was different from the closest matching allele A*31:01:02:01at position 154 with G>A in exon 2, which resulting in one amino acid substitution at codon 28 from Valine to Methionine (p.Val28Met). The HLA-C genotype of sample 2 was C*03:119, 06:02, sample 3 was C*03:03, 07:137, and sample 4 was B*55:02, 55:12. A total of 3 samples with ambiguous result were initially detected by PCR-SSOP method. The re-examination results of SBT and NGS showed that the HLA-B genotype of sample 5 was B*15:58, 38:02, sample 6 was DRB1*04:05, 14:101, and sample 7 was DQB1*03:34, 05:02. Among them, alleles C*03:119, C*07:137 and DRB1*14:101 were not included in the Common and Well-documented Alleles (CWD) v2.4 of the Chinese Hematopoietic Stem Cell Donor Database.@*CONCLUSION@#The abnormal pattern of HLA genotyping results of magnetic probe by PCR-SSOP method suggests that it may be a rare allele or a novel allele, which needs to be verified by sequencing.

Animal model-based simulation training for three emergent and urgent operations of penetrating thoracic injuries / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

PURPOSE@#To develop animal models of penetrating thoracic injuries and to observe the effects of the animal model-based training on improving the trainees' performance for emergent and urgent thoracic surgeries.@*METHODS@#With a homemade machine, animal models of lung injuries and penetrating heart injuries were produced in porcine and used for training of chest tube drainage, urgent sternotomy, and emergent thoracotomy. Coefficient of variation of abbreviated injury scale and blood loss was calculated to judge the reproducibility of animal models. Five operation teams from basic-level hospitals (group A) and five operation teams from level III hospitals (group B) were included to be trained and tested. Testing standards for the operations were established after thorough literature review, and expert questionnaires were employed to evaluate the scientificity and feasibility of the testing standards. Tests were carried out after the training. Pre- and post-training performances were compared. Post-training survey using 7-point Likert scale was taken to evaluate the feelings of the trainees to these training approaches.@*RESULTS@#Animal models of the three kinds of penetrating chest injuries were successfully established and the coefficient of variation of abbreviated injury scale and blood loss were all less than 25%. After literature review, testing standards were established, and expert questionnaire results showed that the scientific score was 7.30 ± 1.49, and the feasibility score was 7.50 ± 0.89. Post-training performance was significantly higher in both group A and group B than pre-training performance. Post-training survey showed that all the trainees felt confident in applying the operations and were generally agreed that the training procedure were very helpful in improving operation skills for thoracic penetrating injury.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Animal model-based simulation training established in the current study could improve the trainees' performance for emergent and urgent thoracic surgeries, especially of the surgical teams from basic-level hospitals.

An update on renal fibrosis: from mechanisms to therapeutic strategies with a focus on extracellular vesicles

The increasing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global public health concern. Despite the complicated pathogenesis of CKD, renal fibrosis represents the most common pathological condition, comprised of progressive accumulation of extracellular matrix in the diseased kidney. Over the last several decades, tremendous progress in understanding the mechanism of renal fibrosis has been achieved, and corresponding potential therapeutic strategies targeting fibrosis-related signaling pathways are emerging. Importantly, extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute significantly to renal inflammation and fibrosis by mediating cellular communication. Increasing evidence suggests the potential of EV-based therapy in renal inflammation and fibrosis, which may represent a future direction for CKD therapy.

Prediction model of early risk of limb infection secondary to trimersurus mucrosquamatus snakebite / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To explore the method of early prediction of the risk of limb infection in patients bitten by trimersurus mucrosquamatus snake. Methods:Totally 108 inpatients with limbs bitten by trimersurus mucrosquamatus snake in Chongqing Emergency Medical Center from January 2019 to October 2020 were respectively collected. They were divided into the infection group (23 cases) and non infection group (85 cases) according to whether they had secondary infection in the course of the disease. The clinical characteristics and serum indexes before admission were compared between the two groups to screen out the risk factors of infection. By combining all the above methods, the risk factor score was screened out; and the prediction model was constructed according to the snake bite severity score (SSS) and appearance score. The differences of the three prediction models between the two groups of patients were compared, and the predictive value of the three prediction models for the risk of limb infection in patients bitten by trimersurus mucrosquamatus snake was evaluated through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results:There were significant differences in clinical characteristics and serum indexes before admission, injury time, hand and foot finger injury, edema score, tension blister, subcutaneous hemorrhage and admission platelet count between the two groups ( P<0.05). The scores of the three predictive models differed between the two groups ( P<0.05). The ROC curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of the three models for the risk of infection in the course of the disease. The predictive AUC value of the risk factors score was 0.830 (95% CI: 0.635-0.850), the cutoff value was 2.5, the sensitivity was 0.870 and the specificity was 0.671, which was the best in the three prediction models. Conclusions:The prediction model based on the risk factors can effectively predict the infection risk of snake bite patients. It indicates that the infection risk is high when the score of risk factors ≥3 points, which can be used as the basis for guiding clinical treatment plan and is worthy of promotion.

Research progress of vascular endothelial growth factor-A and its isoforms in kidney disease / 生理学报

Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) is a critical angiogenic factor which is mainly secreted from podocytes and epithelial cells in kidney and plays an important role in renal pathophysiology. In recent years, functions of different isoforms of VEGF-A and the new secretion approach via extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified. Thus, further understanding are needed for the role of VEGF-A and its isoforms in renal injury and repair. In this review, we summarized the expression, secretion and regulation of VEGF-A, its biological function, and the role of different isoforms of VEGF-A in the development of different renal diseases. Meanwhile, the research progress of VEGF-A as diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for renal diseases were discussed.

A Case Report of Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant with Exudative Retinal Detachment for Ocular Toxocariasis Treatment

Toxocariasis is one of the most common geohelminth infections in several parts of the world. We describe a rare case of ocular toxocariasis with secondary exudative retinal detachment treated with albendazole and an intravitreal dexamethasone implant. A 13-year-old boy with counting finger vision was diagnosed with retinal vasculitis and exudative retinal detachment in his right eye. Fundoscopic examination revealed retinal hemorrhage, retinal vasculitis, and exudative retinal detachment. Serological test using serum and intraocular aqueous humor were positive for anti-Toxocara specific IgG antibodies. He received repeated doses of intravitreal dexamethasone implants combined with oral albendazole. A sequential follow-up optical coherence tomography revealed that the retina was successfully reattached. His visual acuity subsequently improved to 20/400.

Efficacy of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy on anxiety and depression of gout patients and its influence on well-being index, family function and compliance / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To explore the of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy on anxiety and depression of gout patients and its influence on well-being index, family function and compliance.Methods:60 gout patients were selected from June 2018 to December 2019 in the outpatient department of rheumatism and immunity department of Dongguan Kanghua Hospital by prospective case-control study. They were randomly divided into control group and treatment group, 30 cases respectively. Both groups were given gout related clinical treatment and routine nursing, and the treatment group was given short-term dynamic orientation psychotherapy. The treatment compliance, the psychological status, well-being index and blood uric acid (UA) level of the two groups were compared before intervention, immediately after intervention and 3 months after intervention.Results:The scores of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the generalized anxiety disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) in the two groups were gradually decreased immediately and 3 months after intervention ( P<0.05), and the scores of well-being index were gradually increased ( P<0.05); Compared with the control group, the scores of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 in the treatment group decreased more significantly ( P<0.05), and the score of well-being index increased more significantly ( P<0.05); The scores of communication, behavior control and total function of family function in the treatment group decreased gradually immediately after intervention and 3 months after intervention ( P<0.05), and were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05); The level of serum UA in the two groups decreased gradually immediately after intervention and 3 months after intervention ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in UA level at each time point between the two groups. The treatment compliance of the treatment group was significantly better than that of the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The short-term dynamic orientation psychotherapy for gout patients has obvious effect in improving the state of anxiety and depression, improving the index of well-being, family function and treatment compliance.

The effects of photoperiodism and exposure to bisphenol A on hepatic lipid metabolism in female mice / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects and the underlying mechanisms of photoperiodism and exposure to bisphenol A(BPA) on hepatic lipid metabolism in female mice. METHODS: A 2×2 factorial design was used. The photoperiod factor was set to fixed and shifted photoperiod, and the BPA factor was set to BPA exposure(BPA group) and non-exposure(control group). Specific pathogen free female C57 BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into four groups: fixed photoperiod control group, shifted photoperiod control group, fixed photoperiod BPA group, and shifted photoperiod BPA group, with eight rats in each group. The fixed photoperiod mice received a 12 ∶12 hours light-dark cycle, and the shifted photoperiod mice experienced reversed light-dark cycle once a week. Mice in BPA group were administered a dose of BPA 50 μg/kg body weigh by gavage, while mice in control group were given a equal volume of corn oil, once per day, five days per week for 12 weeks. The body weight of mice was measured during the experiment. After 12 weeks, all mice in each group were sacrificed. Plasma was collected and the levels of biochemical parameters were measured. Liver tissues were separated for examination of lipid deposition using oil red O and hematoxylin-eosin staining, and plasma triglyceride levels were measured. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA relative expression of genes of fat metabolism in liver tissues. RESULTS: At the end of the experiment, the body weights of mice were higher than that before the experiment(all P<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in body weights among the four groups(all P>0.05). The levels of plasma glucose, triglyceride and activity of alanine aminotransferase were higher in shifted photoperiod mice than that in the fixed photoperiod mice(all P<0.05). The plasma aspartate transaminase level was higher in BAP group than that in control group(P<0.01). The area of lipid staining in hepatic tissue was larger in the shifted photoperiod control group, fixed photoperiod BPA group and shifted photoperiod BPA group(all P<0.05), and hepatic lipid droplets aggregation was increased in these three groups compared with the fixed photoperiod control group. The mRNA relative expression of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase alpha(Acaca) was higher in the fixed photoperiod BPA and shifted photoperiod control groups(all P<0.05), compared with the fixed photoperiod control group. The relative expression of Acaca mRNA was lower in the shifted photoperiod BPA group than that in the fixed photoperiod BPA group(P<0.05). The mRNA relative expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein(Srebp) 1 and Srebp2 were significantly higher in the BPA group than that in the control group(all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Both the single shifted photoperiod or BPA exposure can increase hepatic lipid deposition in female mice. The mechanism may be related to up-regulation of the mRNA expression of Acaca, Srebp1 and Srebp2. The shifted photoperiod in combination of BPA exposure has an antagonistic effect on the expression of Acaca mRNA in liver tissues of female mice.

Bioresponsive micro-to-nano albumin-based systems for targeted drug delivery against complex fungal infections

As a typical human pathogenic fungus,

Protective effect of transplantation of human oligodendrocyte precursor cells in a rat model of white matter injury / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the effect of human oligodendrocyte precursor cell (hOPC) transplantation in the treatment of white matter injury (WMI).@*METHODS@#Neonatal rats were randomly divided into a sham-operation group, a model group, and a transplantation group (@*RESULTS@#The place navigation test using the Morris water maze showed that the model group had a significantly longer escape latency than the sham-operation group, and compared with the model group, the transplantation group had a significant reduction in escape latency (@*CONCLUSIONS@#Intrathecal hOPC transplantation may alleviate neurological injury and promote remyelination in a rat model of WMI.

Exploration of teaching method for tourniquets based on BOPPPS teaching model with a goal of unconscious competence / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore a new teaching method for tourniquets based on BOPPPS teaching model with a goal of unconscious competence, and to maximally increase trainees' application effectiveness of tourniquets.Methods:Theoretic teaching was conducted in accordance with BOPPPS framework; practical curriculum design was made based on a reinforcing stimulus, which was needed in the progress changes within the "unconscious incompetence → conscious incompetence → conscious competence → unconscious competence". This new teaching method was used to train base-force soldiers' rescue skills, and its effect was compared with that of traditional teaching method. The data was analyzed by SPSS 19.0.Results:Trainees who received this new method of training were faster to use tourniquets than those who received traditional method.Conclusion:Applying the BOPPPS model and the conditioned reflex principle which reflected from unconscious incompetence to unconscious competence in the teaching of tourniquets can effectively improve trainees' skills, gaining better results in teaching.

Risk Factors for Duodenal Stump Leakage after Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer

PURPOSE: Duodenal stump leakage (DSL) is a potentially fatal complication that can occur after gastrectomy, but its underlying risk factors are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors and management of DSL after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer (GC).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Relevant data were collected from several prospective databases to retrospectively analyze the data of GC patients who underwent Billroth II (B-II) or Roux-en-Y (R-Y) reconstruction after laparoscopic gastrectomy from 2 institutions (Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences). The DSL risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis regression.RESULTS: A total of 810 patients were eligible for our analysis (426 with R-Y, 384 with B-II with Braun). Eleven patients had DSL (1.36%). Body mass index (BMI), elevated preoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and unreinforced duodenal stump were the independent risk factors for DSL. DSL was diagnosed in 2–12 days, with a median of 8 days. Seven patients received conservative treatment, 3 patients received puncture treatment, and only 1 patient required reoperation. All patients recovered successfully after treatment.CONCLUSIONS: The risk factors of DSL were BMI ≥24 kg/m², elevated preoperative CRP level, and unreinforced duodenal stump. Nonsurgical treatments for DSL are preferred.

MRI evaluation of the effect of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TILF) on lumbar multifidus muscle / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of minimally invasivetransforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) on lumbar multifidus muscle using MRI techniqueandits clinical significance.Methods:From September 2016 to July 2019, 23 patients who underwent MIS-TLIF surgery for unilateral symptomatic disc herniation in unilateral segments (L 3,4, L 4,5, L 5S 1) of Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital were studied. Their lumbar MR examination was performed 1 week before surgery, and 3 and 6 months after surgery. The axial section of multifidus muscle cross section area (AxCSA) was measured on the axial T2WI image of each intervertebral disc level before and after the operation. The ratio of long and short lines (RLS) was calculated, andthe ratio of axial section of muscle fat infiltration cross section area (FLSA) and AxCSAwasrecorded as FLSA/AxCSA. The changes of various indexes of multifidus muscle in the affected side and the healthy side of the lumbar spine before and after the operation were compared, and the effect of the MIS-TLIF procedure on the morphology of the multifidus muscle was observed. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) measurements of the muscle cross-section of the affected side were performed before and 6 months after the operation. The integral value of intracellular lipid (IMCL) and extracellular lipid (EMCL) of 1H spectrum muscle cells was compared, while the degree of fat infiltration was measured. Results:Patients with single-segment lumbar disc herniation had larger AxCSAin the healthy side than the affected side before surgery in surgical level ( t=6.611, P<0.05), and the muscle AxCSAin the healthy side was larger than the affected side in non-surgical levels ( t=-6.682, P<0.05), both suggested preoperative muscle volume advantage in the healthy side; no difference in bilateral AxCSA at 3 months was found after surgeryin surgical levels ( t=0.197, P> 0.05)and non-surgical levels ( t=-1.631, P> 0.05), which suggested bilateral muscle volume equal advantageat short-term follow-up. The FLSA/AxCSA of affected segment before and after 3 months was 9.5%±3.8% and 8.7%±1.5%, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.163, P<0.05); the RLS of affected segment before and after 3 months was 3.3%±0.24% and 2.7%±0.83%, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.42, P<0.05). The medians of EMCL/IMCL before and after 6 months of MRS were 2.010 and 1.475, respectively, and EMCL decreased after 6 months ( Z=0.48, P<0.05). Conclusion:Patients with single-segment lumbar disc herniation have different morphology of bilateral multifidus muscle before surgery. MIS-TLIF has little effect on the multifidus muscle of the surgical side. MIS-TLIF significantly reduces extracellular lipid accumulation, promotes intracellular transfer, and increases intracellular fat metabolism. Its retention of muscle attachment points and limited fixation can also reshape compensatory muscle atrophy.

Epidemiological analysis of new cases of cysticercosis in Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province from 2014 to 2017 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To understand the basic information and epidemic characteristics of new cases of cysticercosis in Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the prevention and control strategy of cysticercosis. Methods The data of inpatients in the Dali Parasitic Disease Prevention and Control Center from 2014 to 2017 were collected and the eligible data of new cases of cysticercosis were analyzed by the epidemiological method. Results There were 1 552 patients with cysticercosis, including 549 new cases of cysticercosis. Among the new cysticercosis patients, most were neurocysticer-cosis cases (484 / 549, 88.16%). The symptoms included epilepsy and headache (51.73%), headache (40.98%), and dizziness (18.76%). The new cysticercosis patients were mainly middle-aged male farmers of Bai nationality, and they were distributed in all counties (cities) of Dali Prefecture, especially in Eryuan County (26.78%), and Dali City (19.49%). The annual incidence rate was 4.423/105 in 2014, 3.837/105 in 2015, 3.765/105 in 2016, and 3.442/105 in 2017, and there was no significance among the different years’incidence ( χ2 = 4.595, P > 0.05). Conclusion Dali Prefecture is still an endemic area of cysticercosis. Therefore, the monitoring, prevention and control of the disease should be strengthened.

Epidemiological analysis of new cases of cysticercosis in Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province from 2014 to 2017 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To understand the basic information and epidemic characteristics of new cases of cysticercosis in Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the prevention and control strategy of cysticercosis. Methods The data of inpatients in the Dali Parasitic Disease Prevention and Control Center from 2014 to 2017 were collected and the eligible data of new cases of cysticercosis were analyzed by the epidemiological method. Results There were 1 552 patients with cysticercosis, including 549 new cases of cysticercosis. Among the new cysticercosis patients, most were neurocysticer-cosis cases (484 / 549, 88.16%). The symptoms included epilepsy and headache (51.73%), headache (40.98%), and dizziness (18.76%). The new cysticercosis patients were mainly middle-aged male farmers of Bai nationality, and they were distributed in all counties (cities) of Dali Prefecture, especially in Eryuan County (26.78%), and Dali City (19.49%). The annual incidence rate was 4.423/105 in 2014, 3.837/105 in 2015, 3.765/105 in 2016, and 3.442/105 in 2017, and there was no significance among the different years’incidence ( χ2 = 4.595, P > 0.05). Conclusion Dali Prefecture is still an endemic area of cysticercosis. Therefore, the monitoring, prevention and control of the disease should be strengthened.

Effect of Overexpressed Senescence Marker Protein 30 in Human Lens Epithelial Cell Line SRA01/04 under High-Calcium Mediated Oxidative Stress / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】To explore the effects of overexpressed senescence marker protein 30 （SMP30） on cell proliferation and antioxidative activity in human lens epithelial cell（HLEC）line SRA01/04 under high-calcium mediated oxidative stress. 【Methods】There were 3 groups in this experiment：SMP30 overexpressed group （OE，experimental group），NCOE group （negative control group） and SRA01/04 group （blank control group）. OE and NCOE lentiviral vectors were used to transfect SRA01/04 respectively. A high- calcium- mediated- stress cell model was established by culturing cells with medium containing 15 mmol/L CaCl2 for 24 h. BrdU assay was used to measure cell proliferation. SOD assay kit and GSSG/T- GSH assay kit were used to detect the level of intracellular oxidative stress. 【Results】Green fluorescence protein could be observed in all transfected cell groups under fluorescence microscope and the transfection efficiency was close to 80% ，suggesting that OE cell model was constructed successfully. Under the high calcium culture conditions，the activity of relative cell proliferation and SOD in OE group［（3.89 ± 0.20）and（47.5 ± 4.3 U/mg）］were significantly higher than that in NCOE group［（2.82 ± 0.34）and（30.6 ± 4.2 U/mg）］and SRA01/04 group［（2.96 ± 0.25）and（26.8 ± 1.5 U/mg）］，the ratio of GSSG/T-GSH in OE group（2.36 ± 0.51）was significantly lower than that in NCOE group（16.36 ± 2.48）and SRA01/04 group（20.12 ± 2.54）（n=3，P<0.05）；there was no significant difference between NCOE group and SRA01/04 group （n=3，P>0.05）. 【Conclusions】Overexpression of SMP30 increased the activity of cell proliferation and SOD，but decreased the ratio of GSSG/T- GSH in SRA01/04 cell（HLEC），indicating that SMP30 may alleviate the progression of high-calcium-mediated oxidative cell damage and possess the cytoprotective functions in HLEC.

Effects of mature rehmannia root extract on PDGF and bcl-2 in rat myocardial tissue after myocardial infarction / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the effect of mature rehmannia extract on platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and b-cell lymphoma-2 (bcl-2) 2 in myocardial tissue of rats with myocardial infarction.Methods A total of 30 healthy SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group and rehmannia glutinosa group with 10 rats in each group.Myocardial infarction models were established in rats of model group and prepared Rehmannia glutinosa group.The rats in the prepared rehmannia glutinosa group were subcutaneously injected with the extract of the prepared Rehmannia glutinosa 4 g/kg.The rats in the blank group and the model group were subcutaneously injected with the same volume of saline.Once a day for 15 days.The cardiac function was measured by echocardiography in rats.The HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of myocardium.The levels of PDGF and Bcl-2 in myocardium were detected by ELISA.The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF) and CD34 protein were detected by immunoturbidimetry.Results Compared with the model group,the levels of LVDd,LVDs,LVEDs and LVESV in the Rehmannia glutinosa group were significantly decreased (P＜0.05) and LVEF was significantly increased (P＜0.05),while the levels of PDGF (0.53 ± 0.02 g/ml vs.0.35 ± 0.01 g/ml),Bcl-2 (1.04 ± 0.20 g/ml vs.0.84 ± 0.12 g/ml),VEGF (85.24 ± 12.45 pg/ml vs.65.26 ± 10.06 pg/ml),BFGF (86.27 ± 6.56 pg/ml vs.62.26 ± 4.37 pg/ml) and CD34 (102.36 ± 10.52 pg/ml vs.26.37 ± 3.94 pg/ml) in in the Rehmannia glutinosa group were significantly increased (P＜0.05).Conclusions The Rehmannia glutinosa extract can improve the cardiac function of rats with myocardial infarction,Promote the formation of new blood vessels and improve myocardial damage.

Clinical efficacy of electromagnetic navigation system in distal locking of tibia intramedullary nail / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of electromagnetic navigation system to locate the distal locking screw of tibia intramedullary nail. Methods From February 2010 to December 2016, 79 cases of tibia shaft fractures requiring treatment with intramedullary nailing were selected and divided into the navigation group and free hand locking group according to intramedullary nail locking methods. Forty-four cases in navigation group used an electromagnetic navigation system to lock the distal end of the intramedullary nail,while 35 cases in free hand locking group used a free-hand technique. The intraoperative X-ray exposure time,distal locking time,healing time, and the success rate of one-time distal locking were recorded compared between two groups. Results The average time of diatal locking using electromagnetic navigation technology was less than that of the free hand locking group,and the exposure time of fluoroscopy was also reduced, the differences were significant(P ＜ 0. 05). There was no difference in fracture healing time between the two groups(P ＞ 0. 05), one-time success rate of navigation group was 100％,which was higher than 37. 34％ of the free hand locking group, the difference was significant(P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion Compared with free hand technology, the advantage of using electromagnetic navigation system to lock the distal nail of tibia intramedullary nail is high efficiency, short locking time and no radiation.